No matter which type of diabetes one suffers from, whether it is type 1, type 2 or gestational diabetes (occurs during pregnancy), he needs to lead a healthy lifestyle as treatment. For his well-being, he must watch out for what he eats, his life should be stress-free, and it is of utmost importance for his health to engage regularly in workout. Negligence of diabetes leads to onset of potentially fatal condition- hyperglycaemia or hypoglycaemia. Read more to learn what these dangerous conditions can result in.
Hyperglycaemia
The condition in which blood glucose levels become too high is termed as Hyperglycemia. A person is said to be diabetic when his two or more fasting blood glucose tests are 126 mg/dLor higher than this. Diabetics need to get immediate medical attention if their blood sugar level shoots up to 250 or more, or if their blood glucose level is 180 mg/dL for three days in a row.
When blood sugar reaches 250 mg/dL or exceeds, it leads to production of ketones in a diabetic’s body. Ketones are detected by a urine test. Due to body’s insulin resistance, it fails to utilise glucose (sugar) for energy and for the same purpose, it starts using fats and ketones are created in the process. Ketones severes one’s diabetes and can result in various diabetic complications and at times, can be fatal.
Regular monitoring of blood glucose level is of prime importance because high blood glucose levels can be dangerous for one’s life. It is not necessary that hyperglycaemia will cause any symptom. In case, it presents some symptoms then one is likely to experience:
- increased thirst
- increased urine frequency
- dry mouth
- dry skin
- fatigue changes in vision
- frequent infections
- reduced immunity .i.e. wounds will take longer time to heal
- unexplained weight loss.
Hypoglycaemia
When a person is diagnosed with low blood sugar level (below 45mg/dL), he is said to be having hypoglycaemia. Skipping meals and taking excess of insulin can result in severely lowered blood sugar levels. Managing hypoglycaemia is of crucial importance or it can be life threatening. Symptoms of hypoglycaemia include:
- sweating excessively,
- experience of shivering or shaking
- increased heart rate
- night sweat
- anxiety
- weakness
- dizziness
- difficulty in concentrating
- blurred vision.
When the aforementioned symptoms show, diabetics should take a carbohydrate-rich snack, i.e. a sugary food item. Glucose injections are given to those patients, which have severe hypoglycaemia. In extreme cases, a patient may complain hallucinations, have memory loss, or can lapse into a coma.
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